探讨土地流转对农业机械使用效率的影响，有助于优化土地流转政策与农机技术适配路径，为农业现代化提供兼顾生产力提升与可持续发展的实践依据。基于2013～2023年中国30个省的数据，采用DEA模型对农业机械使用效率进行测度，并利用随机效应Tobit模型、调节效应模型检验了土地流转对农业机械使用效率的提升效应和影响机制。研究结果表明：（1）中国农业机械使用效率呈现区域性差异，东部地区农业机械使用效率呈现两极分化态势、中部地区农业机械使用效率发展均衡、西部地区受地形制约农业机械使用效率较低、东北地区农业机械使用效率达到最优水平，为全国标杆。（2）土地流转能够显著提升农业机械使用效率，各省份土地流转面积每增加1%，农业机械使用效率将会提高0.00021个单位。（3）农民收入和土地安全感知度对土地流转与农业机械使用效率的影响均具有正向调节作用。当农民收入水平与土地安全感知度越高时，土地流转对农业机械使用效率的提升效应越强，反之则边际效应递减。基于此，应优化区域发展布局；扩大土地流转规模；强化收入调节作用；筑牢土地权益保障体系。

Exploring the impact of land transfer on the utilization efficiency of agricultural machinery can help optimize the land transfer policy and the technical adaptation path of agricultural machinery, and provide a practical basis for agricultural modernization that takes into account productivity improvement and sustainable development. Based on data from 30 provinces in China from 2013 to 2023, this paper measures the utilization efficiency of agricultural machinery using the DEA model, and on this basis, empirically analyzes the impact of land transfer on the utilization efficiency of agricultural machinery using the randomeffects Tobit model and the moderating effect model, exploring the roles of farmers' income level and the perceived degree of land security in this process. The results of the study show that:(1) China?s agricultural machinery use efficiency shows regional differences, the eastern region of agricultural machinery use efficiency shows polarization, the central region of agricultural machinery use efficiency development is balanced, the western region has low agricultural machinery efficiency due to terrain constraints, the northeastern region of agricultural machinery use efficiency reached the optimal level, for the national benchmark.(2) Land transfer can significantly improve the efficiency of the use of agricultural machinery.For every 1% increase in the area of land transfer in each province, the efficiency of agricultural machinery will increase by 0.00021 units.(3) Farmers' income level and land security perception have a positive moderating effect on the impact of land transfer and agricultural machinery use efficiency. When the level of farmers' income and land security perception is higher, the land transfer of agricultural machinery use efficiency enhancement effect is stronger, and vice versa, the marginal effect is diminishing. Based on this,we should optimize the layout of regional development; expand the scale of land transfer; strengthen the role of income adjustment; and build a solid system to safeguard land rights.